Saturday, April 4, 2009

RC Passage tones

One often sees a question like, "What term would you use to describe the author's tone in this passage?". This answer options for this question can be sometimes puzzling. Given below is a table of possible tones an author can adopt while writing a passage. Try and understand all the of them to be able to effectively answer that type of question.

Guidelines for RC Tones

Possible tone

Meaning of the word

Acerbic

Harsh/ severe; bitter

Aggressive

Forceful; tending towards unprovoked offensiveness

Angry/indignant

Apathetic

Emotionless; not interested/ concerned; indifferent; unresponsive

Apologetic

Expressing remorse, regret, sorrow for having failed, injured, insulted or wronged another

Belligerent

Aggressively hostile; bellicose

Biased

Favouring one thing/person/group over another for personal reasons.

Caustic

Biting; acerbic

Commiserating

Feeling/ expressing sorrow for; empathizing with; pity

Condescending

Patronizing; showing/implying patronising descent from dignity/ superiority

Contemptuous

Expressing contempt/ disdain

Cynical

displaying a belief that people are always self-seeking and never altruistic in their actions

Derisive

Unkind and displaying contempt

Disparaging

Speak slightingly; depreciating; belittling

Dogmatic

Asserting opinions in an arrogant manner; imperious; dictatorial

Emotional

Easily affected by feelings actuated by experiencing love, hate, fear and the like

Ethical

Dealing with principles of morality; honest; righteous

Euphemistic

Substitution of mild, indirect or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt

Grandiose

More complicated/ elaborated than necessary; pompous

Humanistic

Evincing keen interest in human affairs, nature, welfare, values

Humourous

Funny and amusing

Introspective

Consider one's own internal state of feelings

Incendiary

Causing strong feelings

Laudatory

Praising; extolling; applauding

Motivating

Impelling; inciting

Obsequious

Fawning; showing servile complaisance; flattering; deferent

Pedestrian

Lacking vitality, imagination, distinction

Populist

Egalitarian; pertaining to the characteristics of common people/ working class

Provocative

Inciting; stimulating; irritating; vexing

Romantic

Fanciful; impractical; unrealistic; extravagant; exaggerated

Sarcastic

Harsh, bitter derision; taunting; sneering; cutting remarks

Satirical

Ironical; taunting; human folly held up to scorn/ derision/ ridicule

Speculative

Theoretical rather than practical; thoughtful; reflective; hypothetical

Technical

Using terminology or treating subject matter in a manner peculiar to a particular field, as a writer or a book

Vitriolic

Full of anger and hatred

Vituperative

Cruel and angry criticism